What does IGF2 gene do?

The IGF2 gene provides instructions for making a protein called insulin-like growth factor 2. This protein plays an essential role in growth and development before birth. Studies suggest that insulin-like growth factor 2 promotes the growth and division (proliferation) of cells in many different tissues.

Is IGF2 methylated?

We observed that the IGF2 DMR is highly methylated in sperm (mean, 93.6%, SD = 3.3%; N = 16; not shown), indicating that this region is also a paternal germline methylation imprint, and together indicating that the entire IGF2/H19 imprinted domain may acquire the paternal methylation marks present in somatic tissues …

What is the difference between IGF1 and IGF2?

The key difference between IGF1 and IGF2 is that IGF1 is a major growth factor in adults, while IGF2 is a major growth factor in the fetus. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) are two peptide hormones that work similar to the insulin hormone.

How does DNA methylation inhibit gene expression?

DNA methylation regulates gene expression by recruiting proteins involved in gene repression or by inhibiting the binding of transcription factor(s) to DNA. During development, the pattern of DNA methylation in the genome changes as a result of a dynamic process involving both de novo DNA methylation and demethylation.

What causes high IGF2?

IGF2 can be produced in excess by tumour cells because of loss of imprinting (LOI) of the IGF2 gene. IGF2 produced by tumour cells can act in an autocrine manner by binding to isoform A of the insulin receptor (IR-A). This results in stimulation of mitosis and continued production of IGF2.

Is IGF2 an oncogene?

IGF2 Is Up-regulated by Epigenetic Mechanisms in Hepatocellular Carcinomas and Is an Actionable Oncogene Product in Experimental Models.

Is Igf2 paternally expressed?

Insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) is a paternally expressed imprinted gene regulating fetal growth, playing an integral role in the development of many tissues including the brain.

How is the maternal version of the Igf2 gene silenced in mice?

How is the maternal version of the Igf2 gene silenced in mice? Methyl groups are attached to the gene, inhibiting transcription.

How is IGF2 regulated?

IGF2 activity is further controlled through differential expression of receptors and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) that determine protein availability. This complex and multifaceted regulation emphasizes the importance of accurate IGF2 expression and activity.