What is phosphorothioate used for?
Phosphorothioate oligonucleotides are indispensable tools for probing nucleic acid structure and function and for the design of antisense therapeutics. Many applications involving phosphorothioates require site- and stereospecific substitution of individual pro-RP or pro-SP nonbridging oxygens.
What is phosphorothioate linkage?
The phosphorothioate (PS) bond substitutes a sulfur atom for a non-bridging oxygen in the phosphate backbone of an oligo. This modification renders the internucleotide linkage resistant to nuclease degradation.
What do antisense oligonucleotides do?
Small pieces of DNA or RNA that can bind to specific molecules of RNA. This blocks the ability of the RNA to make a protein or work in other ways. Antisense oligonucleotides may be used to block the production of proteins needed for cell growth.
What is GapmeR Aso?
Antisense LNA GapmeRs are highly potent, single-stranded antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) for silencing of lncRNA and mRNA in cell cultures and even in animal models. Antisense LNA GapmeR Positive Controls enable optimization of conditions for lipid-based transfection, electroporation or unassisted delivery.
How do you say phosphorothioate?
phosphorothioate.
How do Morpholinos work?
Morpholinos are nucleotide analogs that recognize and bind short sequences (about 25 nucleotides) at the transcription start site or at splice sites of pre-mRNAs, and thus block the translation or proper splicing of the mRNA (Summerton & Weller, 1997).
What is phosphorothioate oligonucleotide?
In this context phosphorothioate oligonucleotides are compounds addressed to hybridize to a targeted mRNA inducing a variety of effects including inhibition of the expression of proteins involved in different pathological processes and preventing translation.
What antisense means?
Antisense is the non-coding DNA strand of a gene. In a cell, antisense DNA serves as the template for producing messenger RNA (mRNA), which directs the synthesis of a protein.
What is the difference between Sirna and ASO?
Both platforms are intended to modulate gene expression. Both are nucleic acids and contain an antisense strand intended to recognize a target mRNA. They also have important differences. ASOs have one strand while siRNAs have two, a basic fact that may lower cost and simplify delivery.
What is Gymnosis?
Gymnosis is the process of the delivery of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to cells, in the absence of any carriers or conjugation, that produces sequence-specific gene silencing.
How long do morpholinos last?
They are normally injected into the yolk and affect every cell in the embryo, so may compromise normal development if the disrupted protein is required ubiquitously. The effects also only last up to five days, making them unsuitable for studying gene function at later stages of development.